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Journal 'Cytokines & inflammation', 2005, No. 1

COMPLEMENT EVOLUTION: EARLY STAGES

I.V. Kudryavtsev, A.V. Polevschikov

In the review the evolution of early stages of complement system from Echinoderms to Teleosts is discussed. The literature data suggest that the complement components are found only in the Deuterostom branch of animals. The principle feature of complement organization from the earliest steps of evolution was combining of pathogen recognition, its opsonization and phagocyte attracting functions. Interactions with lectins and C3 polymorphisms dramatically increased the number of recognizing patterns and supplied high efficacy of the cascade before immunoglobulin appearance. It is postulated that appearance of C1q and classic pathway formation preceded antibody emergency. The origin of three complement activation pathways could be considered as a way of enhancement of recognized ligands number for their opsonization and elimination by phagocytosis. (Cytokines and Inflammation. 2005. Vol. 4, N 1. P. 11-21.)

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